The 7 day route
If you're flying in and out of Guatemala City, a week is enough to hit the three places that matter most. Spend your first two days in Antigua, Santa Catalina Arch, Parque Central and the cathedral ruins, an artisan market, a chocolate making workshop in the afternoon, and dinner at Frida's, which you'll want to book ahead of because it's genuinely busy every night. On day two, hike up to Cerro de la Cruz for the classic view of the city framed by a volcano, then take a coffee tour at one of the farms just outside town, we did Finca Filadelfia and it's worth it.
Days three and four are the overnight hike up Acatenango, one of the main reasons to come to Guatemala in the first place. You climb through farmland and forest to a base camp looking straight across at Volcán Fuego erupting through the night, then push for the summit at 3am for sunrise above the clouds. Descend, head back to Antigua briefly, then shuttle to Lake Atitlán for the rest of the trip.
The lake gets days five to seven. Base yourself in San Pedro, ride a horse out through the forest with a local guide, which was one of my personal highlights of the whole country, then a short tuk tuk to San Juan for the painted streets and a stingless bee farm where you can taste your way through a dozen honeys. On day six, do the 4am Indian's Nose sunrise hike, then cross the lake to San Marcos for cacao cafes and cliff jumping at the Tzankujil nature reserve. Day seven, take a lancha back to Panajachel and shuttle back to Guatemala City for your flight.
Days three and four, if you do nothing else, do this.
Stretching to 10 days
With three extra days you get a genuine choice, add Tikal in the north for ancient history, or add Semuc Champey near Lanquín for jungle and turquoise pools. I've done both, and if I had to pick one for a 10 day trip I'd lean towards Tikal, it's logistically a bit easier to fit in. After your shuttle back to Guatemala City on day seven, fly or take the night bus north to Flores, spend day eight exploring the island, then do Tikal at sunrise on day nine before heading back to the city that night or the next morning. If nature wins out instead, Semuc Champey means a shared shuttle from Antigua or the lake down to Lanquín, a hike up to the Mirador viewpoint over the pools, a swim, and tubing down the Cahabón River afterwards with a bunch of strangers who'll be friends by the end of it.
Ten days gets you Tikal or Semuc Champey, not comfortably both.
The full 14 days
Two weeks means you don't have to choose, and you get to slow down everywhere else too. Add an extra day in Antigua if you want to eat and wander at a proper pace, and an extra day on Lake Atitlán so you can split your stay between two towns instead of rushing. This is also where Free Cerveza in Santa Cruz earns its spot on the map, a hostel with free beer on arrival, family style dinners, and paddleboards, genuinely one of the best hostels either of us has stayed in anywhere, and worth building an extra night around. With two weeks you can do Antigua, Acatenango, the full lake including Free Cerveza, Tikal, and Semuc Champey without feeling like you're constantly running for a shuttle.
The extra days on the lake are what make room for stops like this one.
A few logistics worth knowing before you go
The public boats on Lake Atitlán are called lanchas, and they basically work like a water taxi, you turn up at a dock, wave, and the next one stops. The important thing is they stop running around 5pm, so make sure you're on the correct side of the lake by then or you'll be paying for an expensive private boat instead. If you're adding Tikal, the night bus or short flight from Guatemala City to Flores is the standard way in, and it's worth booking the sunrise tour of the ruins in advance rather than turning up on the day. And book ahead for Frida's in Antigua and Anáfres in San Pedro, a slightly odd sounding Mexican Indian Japanese fusion restaurant with a pumpkin fondue that's genuinely one of the best things I ate on the whole trip.
Whatever else you cut, don't cut the horse ride out of San Pedro.
Guatemala rewards a bit of planning around a handful of quirks like these, but none of them are complicated once you know they're coming. Pick the length that fits your time, build around Antigua, Acatenango and the lake as the non-negotiables, and add Tikal or Semuc Champey, or both, if you've got the days to spare.